國務院辦(ban)公(gong)廳關于(yu)促(cu)進建筑業(ye)持續(xu)健康發展的意(yi)見

國(guo)辦(ban)發〔2017〕19號

各(ge)(ge)省、自治(zhi)區、直轄市(shi)人民(min)政府，國務院各(ge)(ge)部委(wei)、各(ge)(ge)直屬機(ji)構：

  建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)是國民經濟的支柱(zhu)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)。改革(ge)開放(fang)以來，我國建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)快(kuai)(kuai)速發展(zhan)(zhan)，建(jian)造能力不(bu)斷增強，產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)規(gui)(gui)模不(bu)斷擴大，吸納了(le)大量(liang)農村(cun)轉移(yi)勞動(dong)力，帶動(dong)了(le)大量(liang)關(guan)聯產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)，對經濟社會發展(zhan)(zhan)、城鄉(xiang)建(jian)設(she)和(he)民生(sheng)改善作(zuo)出(chu)了(le)重要(yao)貢獻。但也要(yao)看到，建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)仍然大而不(bu)強，監管(guan)體制(zhi)機制(zhi)不(bu)健(jian)全、工程建(jian)設(she)組(zu)織(zhi)方(fang)式落后、建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計水平有待提高、質量(liang)安全事故時有發生(sheng)、市場(chang)違(wei)法(fa)違(wei)規(gui)(gui)行為(wei)較多、企業(ye)(ye)核心競(jing)爭力不(bu)強、工人技能素質偏低等問題(ti)較為(wei)突出(chu)。為(wei)貫徹落實《中共(gong)中央(yang)國務(wu)院關(guan)于進(jin)一步加強城市規(gui)(gui)劃建(jian)設(she)管(guan)理(li)工作(zuo)的若干(gan)意見》，進(jin)一步深化建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)“放(fang)管(guan)服”改革(ge)，加快(kuai)(kuai)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)升(sheng)級，促(cu)進(jin)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)持(chi)續健(jian)康發展(zhan)(zhan)，為(wei)新型城鎮化提供支撐，經國務(wu)院同意，現提出(chu)以下(xia)意見：

  一(yi)、總體要求

  全面(mian)貫(guan)徹(che)黨(dang)的十八大和十八屆二中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、三中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、四中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、五(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、六(liu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)全會(hui)(hui)以(yi)及中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)經濟工(gong)作(zuo)會(hui)(hui)議、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)城鎮化(hua)工(gong)作(zuo)會(hui)(hui)議、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)城市工(gong)作(zuo)會(hui)(hui)議精(jing)神(shen)，深入貫(guan)徹(che)習近(jin)平總書記系列重要(yao)講話精(jing)神(shen)和治國(guo)(guo)理(li)政新(xin)(xin)理(li)念(nian)新(xin)(xin)思(si)想新(xin)(xin)戰略(lve)，認真(zhen)落實黨(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)、國(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)決策部(bu)署(shu)，統籌推(tui)進(jin)“五(wu)位一體”總體布(bu)局和協調推(tui)進(jin)“四個全面(mian)”戰略(lve)布(bu)局，牢固樹立和貫(guan)徹(che)落實創新(xin)(xin)、協調、綠色、開放(fang)、共享的發展理(li)念(nian)，堅(jian)持以(yi)推(tui)進(jin)供給側結構性改革(ge)為主線，按照(zhao)適用、經濟、安全、綠色、美觀(guan)的要(yao)求，深化(hua)建筑(zhu)(zhu)業“放(fang)管(guan)服”改革(ge)，完(wan)善監管(guan)體制(zhi)機制(zhi)，優化(hua)市場環境，提(ti)升(sheng)工(gong)程質量安全水(shui)平，強化(hua)隊(dui)伍建設，增強企業核心(xin)競爭(zheng)力，促進(jin)建筑(zhu)(zhu)業持續(xu)健康發展，打造“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建造”品牌(pai)。

  二、深化建(jian)筑業簡(jian)政(zheng)放權(quan)改革

  （一）優化(hua)(hua)資(zi)(zi)(zi)質資(zi)(zi)(zi)格管(guan)(guan)理。進一步(bu)簡化(hua)(hua)工(gong)程建(jian)設(she)企業資(zi)(zi)(zi)質類別和等級(ji)設(she)置，減(jian)少不必要的(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)質認定。選擇(ze)部分地(di)區開(kai)展試(shi)點，對信用良好、具有相關專(zhuan)業技術能力、能夠提(ti)(ti)供足額擔保的(de)企業，在其資(zi)(zi)(zi)質類別內放(fang)寬承攬業務(wu)范圍限制，同時，加(jia)快完善(shan)信用體系、工(gong)程擔保及個(ge)人(ren)(ren)執(zhi)業資(zi)(zi)(zi)格等相關配套制度，加(jia)強(qiang)事中事后監管(guan)(guan)。強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)個(ge)人(ren)(ren)執(zhi)業資(zi)(zi)(zi)格管(guan)(guan)理，明晰注冊(ce)執(zhi)業人(ren)(ren)員的(de)權利、義務(wu)和責(ze)任，加(jia)大執(zhi)業責(ze)任追究(jiu)力度。有序發展個(ge)人(ren)(ren)執(zhi)業事務(wu)所，推動建(jian)立(li)個(ge)人(ren)(ren)執(zhi)業保險制度。大力推行“互(hu)聯網+政務(wu)服務(wu)”，實行“一站式”網上審(shen)批，進一步(bu)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)建(jian)筑領域行政審(shen)批效率。

  （二）完善招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)投(tou)(tou)標(biao)(biao)(biao)制度。加快修訂《工(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)范(fan)圍和規(gui)模(mo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準規(gui)定(ding)》，縮(suo)小并嚴格界定(ding)必須進(jin)行招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)的工(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)范(fan)圍，放寬有關(guan)規(gui)模(mo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準，防止工(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)實行招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)“一(yi)刀切”。在民間投(tou)(tou)資的房屋建筑工(gong)程(cheng)中，探(tan)索(suo)由建設(she)單位(wei)自主決定(ding)發(fa)(fa)包方(fang)式。將依法(fa)必須招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)的工(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)納入統一(yi)的公(gong)共資源(yuan)交(jiao)易平臺，遵循(xun)公(gong)平、公(gong)正、公(gong)開和誠信的原(yuan)則，規(gui)范(fan)招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)投(tou)(tou)標(biao)(biao)(biao)行為。進(jin)一(yi)步簡化(hua)招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)投(tou)(tou)標(biao)(biao)(biao)程(cheng)序，盡快實現招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)投(tou)(tou)標(biao)(biao)(biao)交(jiao)易全過程(cheng)電子化(hua)，推(tui)行網上異地評標(biao)(biao)(biao)。對依法(fa)通過競爭性談判或單一(yi)來(lai)源(yuan)方(fang)式確定(ding)供應商的政府(fu)采購工(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)項目(mu)(mu)(mu)，符合相應條(tiao)件(jian)的應當頒發(fa)(fa)施(shi)工(gong)許可證(zheng)。

  三、完(wan)善工(gong)程建設組織模式(shi)

  （三）加快(kuai)推行工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)。裝配式建筑原則上應采用(yong)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)模式。政(zheng)府投資工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)應完善(shan)建設管(guan)(guan)理模式，帶(dai)頭推行工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)。加快(kuai)完善(shan)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)相關的(de)招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)投標(biao)(biao)、施工(gong)(gong)許可、竣工(gong)(gong)驗(yan)收等(deng)(deng)制(zhi)度(du)規定。按照總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)負總(zong)(zong)責(ze)的(de)原則，落實工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)單位(wei)在工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質量安全、進度(du)控制(zhi)、成本管(guan)(guan)理等(deng)(deng)方(fang)面(mian)的(de)責(ze)任。除(chu)以(yi)暫估價形(xing)式包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)在工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)范圍內且(qie)依(yi)法(fa)必須進行招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)的(de)項目外(wai)，工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)單位(wei)可以(yi)直接發(fa)包(bao)(bao)總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)合同中涵蓋的(de)其(qi)他專業業務(wu)。

  （四）培育(yu)全過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)(zi)詢(xun)(xun)。鼓勵投(tou)資咨(zi)(zi)(zi)詢(xun)(xun)、勘察、設(she)計、監理、招標(biao)代理、造價等企業采取(qu)聯合(he)(he)經營、并(bing)購重組等方式發(fa)展全過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)(zi)詢(xun)(xun)，培育(yu)一批具有國際水平(ping)的全過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)(zi)詢(xun)(xun)企業。制定全過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)(zi)詢(xun)(xun)服(fu)務技(ji)術標(biao)準和合(he)(he)同范本(ben)。政(zheng)府(fu)投(tou)資工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)應(ying)帶(dai)頭(tou)推行全過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)(zi)詢(xun)(xun)，鼓勵非政(zheng)府(fu)投(tou)資工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)委托(tuo)全過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)(zi)詢(xun)(xun)服(fu)務。在民用(yong)建(jian)筑項目中，充(chong)分發(fa)揮建(jian)筑師的主(zhu)導作用(yong)，鼓勵提供全過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)(zi)詢(xun)(xun)服(fu)務。

  四、加強工程(cheng)質量安全(quan)管(guan)理(li)

  （五）嚴格落實工程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)。全面落實各(ge)方主(zhu)體的(de)工程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)，特別要強化建設(she)(she)單位的(de)首(shou)要責(ze)(ze)任(ren)和勘察、設(she)(she)計、施工單位的(de)主(zhu)體責(ze)(ze)任(ren)。嚴格執行工程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)終身責(ze)(ze)任(ren)制，在建筑(zhu)物明(ming)顯部位設(she)(she)置永久性標(biao)牌，公(gong)示(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)主(zhu)體和主(zhu)要責(ze)(ze)任(ren)人(ren)。對(dui)違(wei)反有關(guan)規定(ding)(ding)、造成工程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)事故的(de)，依(yi)法(fa)給(gei)予(yu)(yu)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)單位停業(ye)整頓、降低(di)資質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)級、吊銷資質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)證(zheng)書等(deng)行政處罰(fa)并(bing)通過國(guo)家企業(ye)信用信息公(gong)示(shi)系(xi)統(tong)予(yu)(yu)以公(gong)示(shi)，給(gei)予(yu)(yu)注冊執業(ye)人(ren)員(yuan)暫停執業(ye)、吊銷資格證(zheng)書、一定(ding)(ding)時間直至終身不(bu)得進入行業(ye)等(deng)處罰(fa)。對(dui)發(fa)生工程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)事故造成損失的(de)，要依(yi)法(fa)追究經(jing)濟賠(pei)償(chang)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)，情節嚴重的(de)要追究有關(guan)單位和人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)法(fa)律責(ze)(ze)任(ren)。參與房(fang)地產(chan)開發(fa)的(de)建筑(zhu)業(ye)企業(ye)應依(yi)法(fa)合(he)規經(jing)營(ying)，提高住(zhu)宅品質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。

  （六(liu)）加(jia)強安全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產管(guan)理(li)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)面落實安全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產責任，加(jia)強施工現(xian)場安全(quan)(quan)(quan)防護，特別要強化(hua)對(dui)深基坑、高支模、起重機械等危險性(xing)較(jiao)大的(de)(de)分部分項工程的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)，以(yi)及對(dui)不良地質地區重大工程項目(mu)的(de)(de)風(feng)險評估或論證。推進信(xin)(xin)息(xi)技術與安全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產深度(du)融(rong)合，加(jia)快(kuai)建(jian)設建(jian)筑施工安全(quan)(quan)(quan)監管(guan)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)系統(tong)，通(tong)過(guo)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)化(hua)手段加(jia)強安全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產管(guan)理(li)。建(jian)立健(jian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)全(quan)(quan)(quan)覆蓋(gai)、多層次、經常性(xing)的(de)(de)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產培訓制度(du)，提升從業人員安全(quan)(quan)(quan)素質以(yi)及各方(fang)主體的(de)(de)本(ben)質安全(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)平。

  （七）全(quan)(quan)面提高監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)水平。完善工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)法(fa)律法(fa)規和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理制度(du)(du)，健(jian)全(quan)(quan)企業負責(ze)、政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、社會(hui)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督的(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)保(bao)障(zhang)體(ti)系。強(qiang)化政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，明(ming)確監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)范圍，落實監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)責(ze)任，加(jia)大抽查抽測力度(du)(du)，重點加(jia)強(qiang)對(dui)(dui)涉及(ji)公(gong)共安(an)全(quan)(quan)的(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)地基(ji)基(ji)礎、主體(ti)結構等(deng)部(bu)(bu)位和(he)竣工(gong)(gong)驗收等(deng)環節的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督檢(jian)查。加(jia)強(qiang)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督隊伍建(jian)設，監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督機(ji)構履(lv)行職能所需經費由同(tong)級(ji)財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)預算全(quan)(quan)額保(bao)障(zhang)。政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)可采(cai)取購買服務的(de)方(fang)式，委托具(ju)(ju)備條件的(de)社會(hui)力量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)進行工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督檢(jian)查。推進工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)標準化管(guan)(guan)(guan)理，督促各方(fang)主體(ti)健(jian)全(quan)(quan)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)控機(ji)制。強(qiang)化對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，選擇部(bu)(bu)分地區開(kai)展監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理單位向政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)報告質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理情況的(de)試點。加(jia)強(qiang)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)檢(jian)測機(ji)構管(guan)(guan)(guan)理，嚴厲打擊出具(ju)(ju)虛假報告等(deng)行為。推動發展工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)保(bao)險(xian)。

  五、優(you)化建筑市場環境

  （八）建立(li)統一(yi)開(kai)放市(shi)(shi)場(chang)。打破區域市(shi)(shi)場(chang)準入壁壘(lei)，取消各地區、各行業(ye)在法(fa)律、行政法(fa)規(gui)和國務(wu)院(yuan)規(gui)定(ding)外(wai)對建筑業(ye)企業(ye)設置的(de)不合(he)理(li)準入條件(jian)；嚴禁擅自(zi)設立(li)或(huo)變相設立(li)審批、備案事項，為建筑業(ye)企業(ye)提供公平市(shi)(shi)場(chang)環(huan)境。完善全國建筑市(shi)(shi)場(chang)監管公共(gong)服務(wu)平臺，加快實現與(yu)全國信(xin)(xin)用信(xin)(xin)息共(gong)享(xiang)平臺和國家企業(ye)信(xin)(xin)用信(xin)(xin)息公示系統的(de)數(shu)據共(gong)享(xiang)交換。建立(li)建筑市(shi)(shi)場(chang)主體(ti)黑名單制度，依法(fa)依規(gui)全面公開(kai)企業(ye)和個人信(xin)(xin)用記錄，接(jie)受(shou)社(she)會監督(du)。

  （九(jiu)）加強(qiang)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)履(lv)約管理(li)。引導承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)企(qi)業以(yi)銀行(xing)保(bao)函(han)或擔(dan)(dan)(dan)保(bao)公司(si)保(bao)函(han)的(de)形(xing)式，向建(jian)設單位提供履(lv)約擔(dan)(dan)(dan)保(bao)。對采用常規通用技術標準的(de)政府投資工程，在原則(ze)上實(shi)行(xing)最低(di)價(jia)(jia)中(zhong)標的(de)同時，有效發揮履(lv)約擔(dan)(dan)(dan)保(bao)的(de)作用，防止惡意低(di)價(jia)(jia)中(zhong)標，確(que)保(bao)工程投資不超預算。嚴厲查(cha)處轉包(bao)(bao)和違法分(fen)包(bao)(bao)等行(xing)為。完善工程量(liang)清單計價(jia)(jia)體(ti)系(xi)和工程造價(jia)(jia)信息發布(bu)機制(zhi)，形(xing)成統一的(de)工程造價(jia)(jia)計價(jia)(jia)規則(ze)，合理(li)確(que)定(ding)和有效控制(zhi)工程造價(jia)(jia)。

  （十）規范工(gong)程價款結(jie)算(suan)(suan)。審(shen)計機關應依法加強對(dui)以政府投(tou)資為主的(de)公共(gong)工(gong)程建(jian)設項(xiang)目的(de)審(shen)計監(jian)督，建(jian)設單(dan)位(wei)不(bu)得將未完成(cheng)審(shen)計作為延期(qi)工(gong)程結(jie)算(suan)(suan)、拖(tuo)欠(qian)(qian)工(gong)程款的(de)理由。未完成(cheng)竣(jun)工(gong)結(jie)算(suan)(suan)的(de)項(xiang)目，有關部門不(bu)予(yu)辦(ban)理產權(quan)登(deng)記。對(dui)長期(qi)拖(tuo)欠(qian)(qian)工(gong)程款的(de)單(dan)位(wei)不(bu)得批準新項(xiang)目開工(gong)。嚴格執(zhi)行工(gong)程預(yu)(yu)付款制度，及(ji)時按合(he)同約(yue)定足額向(xiang)承(cheng)包單(dan)位(wei)支付預(yu)(yu)付款。通過工(gong)程款支付擔保等經(jing)濟、法律手段約(yue)束建(jian)設單(dan)位(wei)履約(yue)行為，預(yu)(yu)防拖(tuo)欠(qian)(qian)工(gong)程款。

  六(liu)、提高從業人員素質

  （十(shi)一）加快(kuai)培養建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才。積極培育既有國(guo)際視野(ye)又有民族自信(xin)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)師隊伍。加快(kuai)培養熟悉國(guo)際規則(ze)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)高級管(guan)理人(ren)(ren)(ren)才。大力推進校企(qi)(qi)合作，培養建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)專業(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才。加強工(gong)(gong)程現(xian)場管(guan)理人(ren)(ren)(ren)員和(he)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)教育培訓。健全建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)能標準體系，全面實施建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)職(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)能鑒(jian)定制(zhi)度。發展(zhan)一批建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)技(ji)(ji)能鑒(jian)定機構，開展(zhan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)技(ji)(ji)能評價工(gong)(gong)作。通過制(zhi)定施工(gong)(gong)現(xian)場技(ji)(ji)能工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)基本(ben)配備標準、發布各個(ge)技(ji)(ji)能等(deng)級和(he)工(gong)(gong)種(zhong)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本(ben)信(xin)息(xi)等(deng)方式，引導企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)將工(gong)(gong)資(zi)分(fen)配向(xiang)關鍵(jian)技(ji)(ji)術技(ji)(ji)能崗位傾斜。大力弘揚工(gong)(gong)匠精神(shen)，培養高素質建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，到(dao)2020年(nian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)中級工(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)能水平以上的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)數(shu)量達(da)到(dao)300萬，2025年(nian)達(da)到(dao)1000萬。

  （十二）改革建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)用工(gong)(gong)制度(du)。推動(dong)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)勞務企(qi)業(ye)(ye)轉型(xing)，大(da)力(li)發展木工(gong)(gong)、電工(gong)(gong)、砌筑(zhu)(zhu)、鋼筋制作等以(yi)作業(ye)(ye)為主的(de)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)。以(yi)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)為建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)的(de)主要載體，逐步(bu)實(shi)現建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)公司化(hua)、專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)管理(li)(li)。鼓(gu)勵現有專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)進一步(bu)做專(zhuan)做精，增強競爭力(li)，推動(dong)形成一批以(yi)作業(ye)(ye)為主的(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)。促進建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)農民工(gong)(gong)向技(ji)術工(gong)(gong)人(ren)轉型(xing)，著力(li)穩定(ding)和擴大(da)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)農民工(gong)(gong)就業(ye)(ye)創業(ye)(ye)。建(jian)立全國建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)管理(li)(li)服(fu)務信息平臺，開展建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)實(shi)名制管理(li)(li)，記錄建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)的(de)身份信息、培訓情況、職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)技(ji)能、從(cong)業(ye)(ye)記錄等信息，逐步(bu)實(shi)現全覆蓋。

  （十三）保(bao)(bao)(bao)護工(gong)(gong)(gong)人合法(fa)權益。全面落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)合同(tong)制度(du)，加大監(jian)察力度(du)，督促(cu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)位(wei)與招用(yong)的(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人依(yi)法(fa)簽訂(ding)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)合同(tong)，到2020年基本實(shi)(shi)現勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)合同(tong)全覆蓋。健(jian)全工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)支(zhi)付保(bao)(bao)(bao)障制度(du)，按(an)照誰用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)誰負(fu)責和總(zong)承包負(fu)總(zong)責的(de)原則，落(luo)(luo)實(shi)(shi)企業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)支(zhi)付責任，依(yi)法(fa)按(an)月足額發放工(gong)(gong)(gong)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)。將(jiang)存(cun)在拖(tuo)欠工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)行(xing)為的(de)企業(ye)列入黑名單(dan)，對其采取限制市場準入等懲戒(jie)措施(shi)，情節嚴重的(de)降低資(zi)質等級。建(jian)立健(jian)全與建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)相適應的(de)社會(hui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)參(can)保(bao)(bao)(bao)繳費方式，大力推進(jin)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)位(wei)參(can)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)。施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)位(wei)應履行(xing)社會(hui)責任，不(bu)斷改善建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作環境，提升職業(ye)健(jian)康水(shui)平(ping)，促(cu)進(jin)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人穩定就業(ye)。

  七、推進建筑產業(ye)現(xian)代化

  （十四）推(tui)廣智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)和裝配式(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。堅持標(biao)準化(hua)設計、工廠化(hua)生產、裝配化(hua)施工、一體化(hua)裝修、信(xin)息化(hua)管理、智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)應用(yong)，推(tui)動(dong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)造方(fang)式(shi)創(chuang)新，大力發展裝配式(shi)混凝土和鋼結(jie)構建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，在(zai)(zai)具(ju)備條件的(de)地方(fang)倡導發展現(xian)代木(mu)結(jie)構建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，不斷提高(gao)裝配式(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)在(zai)(zai)新建(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)中的(de)比例(li)。力爭用(yong)10年(nian)左右(you)的(de)時間，使裝配式(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)占新建(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面積的(de)比例(li)達到30%。在(zai)(zai)新建(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)和既有建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)改造中推(tui)廣普及智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)應用(yong)，完善(shan)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)系統運行維護機制，實現(xian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)舒適安全、節能(neng)高(gao)效。

  （十五(wu)）提升建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)水平。建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)應(ying)體現地域特(te)征、民族特(te)點和時代(dai)風貌，突出建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)使用(yong)功能及節(jie)(jie)能、節(jie)(jie)水、節(jie)(jie)地、節(jie)(jie)材和環保等要求，提供功能適用(yong)、經濟合理(li)、安全可靠、技術先進(jin)(jin)、環境協(xie)調(diao)的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)產(chan)品。健全適應(ying)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)特(te)點的(de)招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)投標(biao)制度，推行設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)團隊招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)、設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)方(fang)案(an)招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)等方(fang)式。促(cu)進(jin)(jin)國(guo)內外(wai)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)企(qi)業公平競爭，培育有國(guo)際(ji)競爭力的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)隊伍。倡(chang)導開(kai)展建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)評論，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)理(li)念的(de)融合和升華。

  （十六）加強技(ji)(ji)術(shu)研發(fa)(fa)應(ying)用。加快(kuai)先進建(jian)造設(she)(she)備、智能(neng)設(she)(she)備的(de)研發(fa)(fa)、制造和推廣應(ying)用，提升各類(lei)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)機具(ju)的(de)性能(neng)和效率，提高機械(xie)化施(shi)(shi)工(gong)程(cheng)度。限制和淘汰(tai)落(luo)后、危險工(gong)藝工(gong)法，保障生產施(shi)(shi)工(gong)安全(quan)。積極支持建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業科研工(gong)作，大幅提高技(ji)(ji)術(shu)創新對產業發(fa)(fa)展的(de)貢獻率。加快(kuai)推進建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)信息(xi)模型（BIM）技(ji)(ji)術(shu)在規劃、勘察、設(she)(she)計、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)和運營維護全(quan)過程(cheng)的(de)集成應(ying)用，實現工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)(she)項(xiang)目全(quan)生命周期數據(ju)共享和信息(xi)化管理，為項(xiang)目方案優化和科學決策提供依(yi)據(ju)，促(cu)進建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業提質增效。

  （十七）完善(shan)工(gong)程建(jian)(jian)設標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。整合(he)精簡(jian)強制(zhi)性(xing)(xing)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，適度提高(gao)安全、質量、性(xing)(xing)能(neng)、健康、節能(neng)等強制(zhi)性(xing)(xing)指標(biao)(biao)要(yao)求，逐步提高(gao)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)。積極培育團(tuan)體(ti)(ti)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，鼓勵具備相應能(neng)力的(de)(de)(de)行業協會、產業聯盟等主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)共同制(zhi)定滿足市場和創新需要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，建(jian)(jian)立強制(zhi)性(xing)(xing)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)與(yu)團(tuan)體(ti)(ti)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)相結合(he)的(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)供給體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)，增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)有效供給。及(ji)時開(kai)展標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)復審，加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)修訂，提高(gao)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)時效性(xing)(xing)。加(jia)(jia)強科技(ji)研發與(yu)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)制(zhi)定的(de)(de)(de)信息溝通(tong)，建(jian)(jian)立全國工(gong)程建(jian)(jian)設標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)專家(jia)委員會，為工(gong)程建(jian)(jian)設標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)化工(gong)作提供技(ji)術支撐，提高(gao)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)質量和水(shui)平(ping)(ping)。

  八、加快(kuai)建筑業(ye)企業(ye)“走出去”

  （十八）加(jia)強中(zhong)外(wai)(wai)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)銜接(jie)。積極開展(zhan)(zhan)中(zhong)外(wai)(wai)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)對比(bi)研究(jiu)，適應國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際通行的(de)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)內容結構、要(yao)素指標(biao)(biao)和(he)相關術語，縮(suo)小中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)與國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)先(xian)進標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的(de)技(ji)術差距。加(jia)大中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)外(wai)(wai)文(wen)(wen)版(ban)翻譯和(he)宣傳推廣力(li)度，以“一帶一路”戰略為引領，優先(xian)在對外(wai)(wai)投資、技(ji)術輸出(chu)和(he)援建工程(cheng)項(xiang)目(mu)中(zhong)推廣應用。積極參加(jia)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)認(ren)證(zheng)、交流(liu)等活(huo)動，開展(zhan)(zhan)工程(cheng)技(ji)術標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的(de)雙邊(bian)合(he)作(zuo)。到(dao)2025年，實現工程(cheng)建設國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)全部(bu)有外(wai)(wai)文(wen)(wen)版(ban)。

  （十(shi)九）提高(gao)(gao)對(dui)外承包能力(li)。統籌(chou)協調建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)“走出(chu)去”，充分發(fa)揮我國建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)在高(gao)(gao)鐵、公(gong)路、電力(li)、港口、機場、油氣(qi)長輸管道、高(gao)(gao)層建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)等工程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)方面的(de)比較優勢，有(you)目(mu)標(biao)、有(you)重點、有(you)組織地對(dui)外承包工程(cheng)，參與“一帶一路”建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)要加大對(dui)國際標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的(de)研究力(li)度，積(ji)極(ji)適應國際標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，加強(qiang)對(dui)外承包工程(cheng)質量、履約等方面管理，在援外住房(fang)等民生(sheng)項目(mu)中(zhong)發(fa)揮積(ji)極(ji)作(zuo)用。鼓勵大企(qi)業(ye)帶動(dong)(dong)中(zhong)小企(qi)業(ye)、沿(yan)海沿(yan)邊地區企(qi)業(ye)合作(zuo)“出(chu)海”，積(ji)極(ji)有(you)序開拓(tuo)國際市場，避免惡性競(jing)爭。引導對(dui)外承包工程(cheng)企(qi)業(ye)向項目(mu)融(rong)資、設(she)計咨詢、后續運營(ying)維護(hu)管理等高(gao)(gao)附加值的(de)領(ling)域(yu)有(you)序拓(tuo)展(zhan)。推動(dong)(dong)企(qi)業(ye)提高(gao)(gao)屬地化經營(ying)水平，實現與所(suo)在國家(jia)和地區互(hu)利共贏。

  （二(er)十(shi)）加(jia)大政策扶持(chi)力度。加(jia)強建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業“走(zou)出去”相關(guan)主(zhu)管部門間的(de)溝(gou)通(tong)協(xie)調和信息共享。到2025年(nian)，與大部分“一(yi)帶一(yi)路”沿線國(guo)家和地區簽訂(ding)雙(shuang)邊工程建(jian)(jian)設合(he)作備(bei)忘錄，同時爭取(qu)在雙(shuang)邊自貿(mao)協(xie)定中納入(ru)相關(guan)內容，推進建(jian)(jian)設領(ling)域執業資(zi)格國(guo)際互認(ren)。綜合(he)發(fa)揮各(ge)類金融(rong)工具的(de)作用，重點支持(chi)對(dui)外(wai)經濟合(he)作中建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)領(ling)域的(de)重大戰(zhan)略項目(mu)。借(jie)鑒國(guo)際通(tong)行的(de)項目(mu)融(rong)資(zi)模式，按照風險可控(kong)、商業可持(chi)續原則，加(jia)大對(dui)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業“走(zou)出去”的(de)金融(rong)支持(chi)力度。

  各地區、各部門要高度重視深化建(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)改(gai)革(ge)工(gong)作，健全(quan)工(gong)作機制，明確任務(wu)分工(gong)，及(ji)時研究解(jie)決建(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)改(gai)革(ge)發(fa)展中的重大問題，完善相關(guan)政策，確保按期完成各項改(gai)革(ge)任務(wu)。加快推動修(xiu)訂建(jian)筑法(fa)、招標投標法(fa)等法(fa)律(lv)，完善相關(guan)法(fa)律(lv)法(fa)規(gui)。充分發(fa)揮協會商(shang)會熟悉行(xing)業(ye)(ye)、貼近企業(ye)(ye)的優勢(shi)，及(ji)時反(fan)映企業(ye)(ye)訴求，反(fan)饋政策落實情況，發(fa)揮好規(gui)范行(xing)業(ye)(ye)秩(zhi)序(xu)、建(jian)立從業(ye)(ye)人員(yuan)行(xing)為準(zhun)則、促進企業(ye)(ye)誠信經(jing)營等方面的自(zi)律(lv)作用。

國務院辦(ban)公廳(ting)

2017年2月21日